Segmental Pavers
Also called: Cutter, Paver, Paver Installer, Paving Stone InstallerLay out, cut, and place segmental paving units. Includes installers of bedding and restraining materials for the paving units.
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What the data says: AI could halve the time on 2 of its 12 tasks, and jobs are projected to grow 3.9% by 2035. How to think about this →
About this projection
BLS builds AI into its projections where the research supports it: “BLS generally applies adjustments based on this research conservatively, where there is convincing evidence for a change.”
It also notes a limit: “BLS projection methods are not designed to capture extremely rapid technological change.”
On its AI exposure groups, BLS says exposure “does not imply job loss.”
BLS figures cover the broader occupation “Miscellaneous construction and related workers”, which includes this one and others.
Recent conditions
- In 2024, 3.9% of people in this work were unemployed, against 3.8% across all occupations Census ACS 2024
- From Sep 2025 to Aug 2026, 12.8 hires for every 10 job openings in construction, which employs about 68% of people in this work, against 7.3 across all industries BLS JOLTS
One box per opening, filled for each hire; hires beyond the openings are added in a lighter shade. Higher can mean openings get filled, or that people leave often; lower, that jobs go unfilled, or hiring is slow.12.8 this industry7.3 all industries
Median pay by state BLS OEWS May 2025, state estimates
Tap a state for its figures.
Median pay in every state
| State | Median | Middle half earn | Jobs |
|---|---|---|---|
| Alaska | $46,730 | $46,720 to $62,330 | not published |
| Arizona | $47,550 | $43,740 to $60,710 | not published |
| Arkansas | $42,670 | $32,020 to $47,380 | 120 |
| California | $60,890 | $50,080 to $80,170 | 2,560 |
| Colorado | $54,380 | $49,570 to $61,280 | 1,160 |
| Connecticut | $49,380 | $48,030 to $61,340 | 500 |
| Delaware | $43,060 | $36,230 to $49,000 | 330 |
| Florida | $45,120 | $39,480 to $51,910 | 2,710 |
| Georgia | $46,430 | $34,520 to $58,860 | 2,920 |
| Hawaii | $64,960 | $64,960 to $70,040 | 80 |
| Idaho | $65,420 | $49,920 to $65,420 | 450 |
| Illinois | $48,780 | $39,490 to $57,680 | 710 |
| Indiana | $50,210 | $45,760 to $66,730 | 250 |
| Iowa | $46,990 | $42,370 to $49,920 | 220 |
| Kansas | $45,950 | $39,570 to $59,810 | 310 |
| Kentucky | $35,420 | $33,860 to $36,430 | 90 |
| Louisiana | $49,660 | $40,930 to $58,330 | 1,000 |
| Maine | $75,340 | $69,050 to $79,130 | 90 |
| Maryland | $49,840 | $41,810 to $61,470 | 990 |
| Massachusetts | $70,540 | $59,280 to $81,070 | 960 |
| Michigan | $53,800 | $42,290 to $62,110 | 660 |
| Minnesota | $55,880 | $44,200 to $69,570 | 80 |
| Mississippi | $36,260 | $30,930 to $36,430 | 60 |
| Missouri | $45,090 | $42,520 to $47,860 | 490 |
| Montana | $47,280 | $39,200 to $57,610 | 310 |
| Nevada | $51,430 | $45,500 to $53,350 | 350 |
| New Hampshire | $58,000 | $51,700 to $59,620 | 90 |
| New Jersey | $65,330 | $52,960 to $102,560 | 1,060 |
| New Mexico | $49,930 | $47,150 to $80,700 | 420 |
| New York | $56,170 | $47,970 to $66,860 | 250 |
| North Carolina | $47,510 | $37,230 to $57,110 | 1,010 |
| North Dakota | $66,450 | $49,110 to $82,780 | 260 |
| Ohio | $54,020 | $43,730 to $75,070 | 1,150 |
| Oklahoma | $46,460 | $44,530 to $47,840 | not published |
| Oregon | $51,110 | $46,060 to $66,550 | 190 |
| Pennsylvania | $54,950 | $46,470 to $71,140 | 620 |
| Puerto Rico | $30,090 | $27,870 to $31,080 | 150 |
| South Carolina | $48,080 | $45,070 to $52,270 | 210 |
| Tennessee | $41,600 | $32,000 to $48,990 | 440 |
| Texas | $47,840 | $42,520 to $57,540 | 3,350 |
| Utah | $48,880 | $40,080 to $60,290 | 90 |
| Vermont | $49,110 | $46,660 to $55,950 | 120 |
| Virginia | $49,880 | $46,030 to $59,890 | 570 |
| Washington | $69,380 | $62,370 to $79,800 | 200 |
| West Virginia | $44,300 | $40,170 to $47,890 | 90 |
| Wisconsin | $63,320 | $52,360 to $74,670 | 190 |
Nationally: $49,910. State figures are for BLS's “Miscellaneous construction and related workers”. Shades run from the lowest state median to the highest; a territory below that range takes the lightest. How to read this
How AI touches the work
What AI could speed up, task by task, and where people already use it.
AI could halve the time on 2 of its 12 tasks
| AI rating | Its main tasks | Share of Claude conversations May 2026 |
|---|---|---|
| Not much | Prepare base for installation by removing unstable or unsuitable materials, compacting and grading the soil, draining or stabilizing weak or saturated soils and taking measures to prevent water penetration and migration of bedding sand. | Not published |
| Not much | Compact bedding sand and pavers to finish the paved area, using a plate compactor. | Not published |
| Not much | Set pavers, aligning and spacing them correctly. | Not published |
| Not much | Supply and place base materials, edge restraints, bedding sand and jointing sand. | Not published |
| AI + software | Design paver installation layout pattern and create markings for directional references of joints and stringlines. | Not published |
| Not much | Sweep sand into the joints and compact pavement until the joints are full. | Not published |
See all 12 tasks
| Not much | Sweep sand from the surface prior to opening to traffic. | Not published |
| Not much | Cut paving stones to size and for edges, using a splitter and a masonry saw. | Not published |
| Not much | Screed sand level to an even thickness, and recheck sand exposed to elements, raking and rescreeding if necessary. O*NET flags this task's ratings as uncertain | Not published |
| AI + software | Discuss the design with the client. | Not published |
| Not much | Resurface an outside area with cobblestones, terracotta tiles, concrete or other materials. | Not published |
| Not much | Cement the edges of the paved area. | Not published |
Ordered by how important O*NET's respondents rate each task (1 to 5) times the share who say it is part of their job. The ordering is ours. 0 of the 12 have a published share of Claude conversations; “not published” means too few conversations for Anthropic to publish a figure.
Where people already use AI
The tasks above say what AI could speed up. This shows what people are using it for. Its 12 tasks fall under 8 work activities that many occupations share, and Microsoft counted how often each one came up in 200,000 conversations with its Copilot assistant in 2024.
- #12 Explain regulations, policies, or procedures
- #14 Create visual designs or displays
| Work activity | This occupation's tasks under it | People asked AI for help in 10,000 conversations |
AI did it for them in 10,000 conversations |
|---|---|---|---|
| Perform general construction or extraction activities | |||
| Position materials or components for assembly | |||
| Explain regulations, policies, or procedures | |||
| Create visual designs or displays | |||
| Clean tools, equipment, facilities, or work areas | |||
| Cut materials | |||
| Build structures | |||
| Move materials, equipment, or supplies |
How to read this
Work activities come from O*NET, which links every task to the broader activities it involves. Microsoft's figures are for the activity across everyone who used Copilot, not for segmental pavers specifically. Copilot is a general chat assistant; dedicated coding tools are not included, so programming help is under-counted here. Activities are listed by how many of this occupation's tasks fall under them.
The task ratings say whether AI could halve the time a task takes: on its own (“AI alone”), or with software built on it (“AI + software”). They were made by people in 2023 (Eloundou et al.). Claude's share is the task's share of all Claude.ai conversations in May 2026; Anthropic doesn't publish a task with too few conversations. None of these add up to the BLS exposure group, which combines five research measures.
More in the Guide: task ratings · task order · work activities · Copilot figures · Claude
High exposure doesn't mean fewer jobs
BLS projects most occupations in its two most exposed groups to grow: 141 of 206 rated Very high and 165 of 206 rated High. Each dot is one of the 831 occupations BLS rates.
Career moves into and out of this occupation
From moves between occupations found in online resumes, 2002–2016. Career changes only: a first job after school isn't a move.
Where people moved next
of 4,185 moves out
- 1 Managers, All Other (2010 group) an older group BLS has since split; no exposure group today 8%
- 2 Heavy and Tractor-Trailer Truck Drivers Moderate +3.8% 8%
- 3 Property, Real Estate, and Community Association Managers High +3.7% 4%
- 4 Construction Managers High +9.1% 4%
- 5 First-Line Supervisors of Retail Sales Workers High -3.7% 3%
Where people moved in from
of 4,518 moves in
- 1 Managers, All Other (2010 group) an older group BLS has since split; no exposure group today 7%
- 2 Property, Real Estate, and Community Association Managers High +3.7% 7%
- 3 Heavy and Tractor-Trailer Truck Drivers Moderate +3.8% 6%
- 4 First-Line Supervisors of Retail Sales Workers High -3.7% 3%
- 5 Construction Managers High +9.1% 3%
Combined from the 2010 occupations “Segmental Pavers” and “Construction and Related Workers, All Other”, which BLS merged into yours. The data has no figures for “Segmental Pavers”, so it isn't included. Resumes over-represent younger, white-collar job-seekers and moves into management. Schubert, Stansbury and Taska (resume data).
Education and training for the occupation
O*NET survey of workers in this occupation
- 7% less than high school
- 59% high school
- 31% postsecondary certificate
- 3% some college
- 1% associate's
O*NET 31.0 survey of workers in this occupation · 17 people answered.
Census survey (American Community Survey)
- 28% less than high school
- 38% high school
- 20% some college
- 5% associate's
- 6% bachelor's
- 2% master's
Census ACS 2024, all workers in this occupation · 352 people surveyed.
Why the two can differ
O*NET asks about 20 people in each occupation, which makes its shares uncertain, but it reports the exact occupation and counts certificates. The Census survey reaches thousands, but it groups some occupations together and counts degrees only. More in the Guide
Median pay by highest degree full-time, year-round · Census ACS 2024, all workers in this occupation
Jobs that require a credential BLS Occupational Requirements Survey 2023
BLS publishes no credential figures for this occupation.
Look up certifications, training and licenses U.S. Department of Labor
- Certification Finder ↗ certifications CareerOneStop lists for this occupation
- Training Finder ↗ schools and programs, nationwide; narrow the place there
- License Finder ↗ licenses by state
- Apprenticeships: DOL's list of apprenticeable occupations doesn't include this one.
These open in a new tab and send only the occupation's public code. More in the Guide
BLS AI exposure categories (Aug 2026) · BLS Employment Projections 2025–35 · O*NET 31.0 · Task ratings: Eloundou et al., Science (2024) · Microsoft "Working with AI" v1.1 · Anthropic Economic Index (2026-06-26) · Schubert, Stansbury and Taska · NCES CIP–SOC · Census ACS 2024 · BLS JOLTS
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