Appraisers of Personal and Business Property
Also called: Appraiser, Art Appraiser, Jewelry Appraiser, Personal Property AppraiserAppraise and estimate the fair value of tangible personal or business property, such as jewelry, art, antiques, collectibles, and equipment. May also appraise land.
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What the data says: AI could halve the time on 11 of its 14 tasks, yet jobs are projected to grow 3.5% by 2035. In the most exposed occupations, the squeeze shows up first among early-career workers. How to think about this →
About this projection
BLS builds AI into its projections where the research supports it: “BLS generally applies adjustments based on this research conservatively, where there is convincing evidence for a change.”
It also notes a limit: “BLS projection methods are not designed to capture extremely rapid technological change.”
On its AI exposure groups, BLS says exposure “does not imply job loss.”
BLS figures cover the broader occupation “Property appraisers and assessors”, which includes this one and others.
Recent conditions
- In 2024, 0.8% of people in this work were unemployed, against 3.8% across all occupations Census ACS 2024
- From Sep 2025 to Aug 2026, 4.3 hires for every 10 job openings in government, which employs about 53% of people in this work, against 7.3 across all industries BLS JOLTS
One box per opening, filled for each hire; hires beyond the openings are added in a lighter shade. Higher can mean openings get filled, or that people leave often; lower, that jobs go unfilled, or hiring is slow.4.3 this industry7.3 all industries
Median pay by state BLS OEWS May 2025, state estimates
Tap a state for its figures.
Median pay in every state
| State | Median | Middle half earn | Jobs |
|---|---|---|---|
| Alabama | $61,370 | $35,910 to $97,710 | 600 |
| Alaska | $80,330 | $67,520 to $100,150 | 200 |
| Arizona | $51,250 | $44,340 to $75,870 | 1,670 |
| Arkansas | $50,840 | $40,440 to $63,230 | 810 |
| California | $88,900 | $70,310 to $121,530 | 6,380 |
| Colorado | $75,150 | $59,520 to $96,020 | 1,060 |
| Connecticut | $86,050 | $70,530 to $109,100 | 630 |
| Delaware | $57,610 | $52,210 to $78,090 | 130 |
| District of Columbia | $107,980 | $78,240 to $134,140 | 110 |
| Florida | $65,620 | $55,060 to $82,840 | 2,830 |
| Georgia | $62,460 | $46,610 to $81,810 | 2,490 |
| Hawaii | $79,860 | $64,870 to $86,110 | 130 |
| Idaho | $63,410 | $49,110 to $98,040 | 500 |
| Illinois | $60,150 | $47,050 to $90,790 | 1,700 |
| Indiana | $60,350 | $46,010 to $78,790 | 1,940 |
| Iowa | $80,160 | $58,770 to $100,080 | 630 |
| Kansas | $51,390 | $41,020 to $76,350 | 780 |
| Kentucky | $58,850 | $46,980 to $72,550 | 140 |
| Louisiana | $62,910 | $49,390 to $75,330 | 600 |
| Maine | $80,930 | $63,520 to $106,760 | 230 |
| Maryland | $77,610 | $59,030 to $98,260 | 660 |
| Massachusetts | $91,750 | $68,920 to $114,430 | 1,100 |
| Michigan | $64,270 | $51,990 to $82,340 | 1,960 |
| Minnesota | $83,400 | $64,170 to $115,770 | 1,380 |
| Mississippi | $54,530 | $41,060 to $68,890 | 520 |
| Missouri | $57,380 | $45,870 to $73,380 | 1,560 |
| Montana | $62,250 | $49,950 to $69,630 | 250 |
| Nebraska | $64,770 | $57,920 to $79,610 | 400 |
| Nevada | $57,960 | $50,530 to $74,480 | 600 |
| New Hampshire | $74,670 | $62,040 to $95,700 | 250 |
| New Jersey | $92,390 | $69,800 to $139,300 | 1,190 |
| New Mexico | $50,550 | $45,250 to $67,060 | 530 |
| New York | $78,060 | $61,930 to $102,760 | 2,860 |
| North Carolina | $66,700 | $50,860 to $85,610 | 2,210 |
| North Dakota | $65,210 | $55,340 to $89,400 | 240 |
| Ohio | $63,410 | $50,110 to $83,220 | 1,220 |
| Oklahoma | $49,990 | $39,440 to $81,480 | 920 |
| Oregon | $54,460 | $43,550 to $86,160 | 810 |
| Pennsylvania | $57,920 | $48,170 to $80,660 | 1,430 |
| Puerto Rico | $33,370 | $25,960 to $49,270 | 290 |
| Rhode Island | $75,900 | $62,620 to $104,060 | 280 |
| South Carolina | $59,110 | $51,820 to $71,220 | 1,000 |
| South Dakota | $63,350 | $52,100 to $74,570 | 510 |
| Tennessee | $62,350 | $46,960 to $82,040 | 1,060 |
| Texas | $65,840 | $51,850 to $82,430 | 5,240 |
| Utah | $56,100 | $36,670 to $80,170 | 760 |
| Virginia | $76,080 | $56,260 to $96,830 | 1,540 |
| Washington | $83,710 | $64,520 to $100,040 | 1,150 |
| West Virginia | $44,940 | $36,410 to $55,160 | 470 |
| Wisconsin | $68,660 | $59,330 to $89,990 | 820 |
| Wyoming | $60,860 | $45,640 to $73,720 | 260 |
Nationally: $67,960. State figures are for BLS's “Property appraisers and assessors”. Shades run from the lowest state median to the highest; a territory below that range takes the lightest. How to read this
How AI touches the work
What AI could speed up, task by task, and where people already use it.
AI could halve the time on 11 of its 14 tasks
| AI rating | Its main tasks | Share of Claude conversations May 2026 |
|---|---|---|
| AI alone | Write descriptions of the property being appraised. | under 0.01% |
| AI alone | Determine the appropriate type of valuation to make, such as fair market, replacement, or liquidation, based on the needs of the property owner. | Not published |
| AI alone | Document physical characteristics of property such as measurements, quality, and design. | Not published |
| AI + software | Calculate the value of property based on comparisons to recent sales, estimated cost to reproduce, and anticipated property income streams. | under 0.01% |
| AI + software | Locate and record data on sales of comparable property using specialized software, internet searches, or personal records. | under 0.01% |
| AI alone | Write and submit appraisal reports for property, such as jewelry, art, antiques, collectibles, and equipment. | Not published |
See all 14 tasks
| Not much | Inspect personal or business property. | Not published |
| AI + software | Take photographs of property. | Not published |
| AI + software | Create and maintain a database of completed appraisals. | Not published |
| Not much | Update appraisals when property has been improved, damaged, or has otherwise changed. | Not published |
| AI + software | Verify that property matches legal descriptions or certifications. | Not published |
| Not much | Testify in court as to the value of a piece of tangible property. | Not published |
| AI alone | Forecast the value of property. | Not published |
| AI + software | Recommend loan amounts based on the value of property being used as collateral. | Not published |
Ordered by how important O*NET's respondents rate each task (1 to 5) times the share who say it is part of their job. The ordering is ours. 3 of the 14 have a published share of Claude conversations; “not published” means too few conversations for Anthropic to publish a figure.
Where people already use AI
The tasks above say what AI could speed up. This shows what people are using it for. Its 14 tasks fall under 15 work activities that many occupations share, and Microsoft counted how often each one came up in 200,000 conversations with its Copilot assistant in 2024.
- #1 Gather information from physical or electronic sources
- #17 Implement procedures or processes
- #20 Present research or technical information
- and 4 more, in the table below
| Work activity | This occupation's tasks under it | People asked AI for help in 10,000 conversations |
AI did it for them in 10,000 conversations |
|---|---|---|---|
| Present research or technical information | |||
| Process digital or online data | |||
| Evaluate condition of financial assets, property, or other resources | |||
| Gather information from physical or electronic sources | |||
| Implement procedures or processes | |||
| Prepare informational or instructional materials | |||
| Compile records, documentation, or other data | |||
| Determine operational methods or procedures |
Show all 15 activities
| Evaluate the quality or accuracy of data | |||
| Analyze market or industry conditions | |||
| Record images with photographic or audiovisual equipment | |||
| Inspect completed work or finished products | |||
| Maintain operational records | |||
| Design databases | |||
| Present information in legal proceedings |
How people in this work use Claude
What people in this work made with Claude % of conversations
- A document or report42%
- Marketing or social media content15%
- Data or a spreadsheet10%
- Advice or a recommendation8%
- An analysis or summary6%
How they worked with Claude
68% of these conversations were about work. Anthropic Economic Index, May 2026.
How to read this
Work activities come from O*NET, which links every task to the broader activities it involves. Microsoft's figures are for the activity across everyone who used Copilot, not for appraisers of personal and business property specifically. Copilot is a general chat assistant; dedicated coding tools are not included, so programming help is under-counted here. Activities are listed by how many of this occupation's tasks fall under them.
The task ratings say whether AI could halve the time a task takes: on its own (“AI alone”), or with software built on it (“AI + software”). They were made by people in 2023 (Eloundou et al.). Claude's share is the task's share of all Claude.ai conversations in May 2026; Anthropic doesn't publish a task with too few conversations. None of these add up to the BLS exposure group, which combines five research measures.
More in the Guide: task ratings · task order · work activities · Copilot figures · Claude
High exposure doesn't mean fewer jobs
BLS projects most occupations in its two most exposed groups to grow: 141 of 206 rated Very high and 165 of 206 rated High. Each dot is one of the 831 occupations BLS rates.
Career moves into and out of this occupation
From moves between occupations found in online resumes, 2002–2016. Career changes only: a first job after school isn't a move.
Where people moved next
of 15,182 moves out
- 1 Managers, All Other (2010 group) an older group BLS has since split; no exposure group today 6%
- 2 Heavy and Tractor-Trailer Truck Drivers Moderate +3.8% 5%
- 3 Real Estate Sales Agents Very high +1.7% 5%
- 4 Postsecondary Teachers, All Other Very high +2.0% 4%
- 5 General and Operations Managers High +5.0% 4%
Where people moved in from
of 18,808 moves in
- 1 Managers, All Other (2010 group) an older group BLS has since split; no exposure group today 6%
- 2 Real Estate Sales Agents Very high +1.7% 4%
- 3 Customer Service Representatives Very high -5.3% 4%
- 4 Heavy and Tractor-Trailer Truck Drivers Moderate +3.8% 3%
- 5 Property, Real Estate, and Community Association Managers High +3.7% 3%
Resumes over-represent younger, white-collar job-seekers and moves into management. Schubert, Stansbury and Taska (resume data).
Education and training for the occupation
O*NET survey of workers in this occupation
- 17% some college
- 17% associate's
- 39% bachelor's
- 9% post-bachelor's certificate
- 9% master's
- 9% professional doctorate
O*NET 31.0 survey of workers in this occupation · 23 people answered.
Census survey (American Community Survey)
- 2% less than high school
- 11% high school
- 21% some college
- 9% associate's
- 45% bachelor's
- 8% master's
- 3% professional degree
Census ACS 2024, all workers in this occupation · 940 people surveyed.
Why the two can differ
O*NET asks about 20 people in each occupation, which makes its shares uncertain, but it reports the exact occupation and counts certificates. The Census survey reaches thousands, but it groups some occupations together and counts degrees only. More in the Guide
Median pay by highest degree full-time, year-round · Census ACS 2024, all workers in this occupation
Jobs that require a credential BLS Occupational Requirements Survey 2023
BLS publishes no credential figures for this occupation.
Look up certifications, training and licenses U.S. Department of Labor
- Certification Finder ↗ certifications CareerOneStop lists for this occupation
- Training Finder ↗ schools and programs, nationwide; narrow the place there
- License Finder ↗ licenses by state
- Apprenticeships: DOL's list of apprenticeable occupations doesn't include this one.
These open in a new tab and send only the occupation's public code. More in the Guide
BLS AI exposure categories (Aug 2026) · BLS Employment Projections 2025–35 · O*NET 31.0 · Task ratings: Eloundou et al., Science (2024) · Microsoft "Working with AI" v1.1 · Anthropic Economic Index (2026-06-26) · Schubert, Stansbury and Taska · NCES CIP–SOC · Census ACS 2024 · BLS JOLTS · Brynjolfsson, Chandar and Chen, Stanford (Aug 2026)
See it online, and explore any career: https://www.pathmosaic.com/card/13-2022.00