Tutors
Also called: Academic Coach, Academic Guidance Specialist, Professional Tutor, TutorInstruct individual students or small groups of students in academic subjects to support formal class instruction or to prepare students for standardized or admissions tests.
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What the data says: AI could halve the time on 11 of its 19 tasks, and jobs are projected to shrink 0.2% by 2035. In the most exposed occupations, the squeeze shows up first among early-career workers. How to think about this →
About this projection
BLS builds AI into its projections where the research supports it: “BLS generally applies adjustments based on this research conservatively, where there is convincing evidence for a change.”
It also notes a limit: “BLS projection methods are not designed to capture extremely rapid technological change.”
On its AI exposure groups, BLS says exposure “does not imply job loss.”
Recent conditions
- In 2024, 6.6% of people in this work were unemployed, against 3.8% across all occupations Census ACS 2024
- From Sep 2025 to Aug 2026, 7.8 hires for every 10 job openings in private educational services, which employs about 91% of people in this work, against 7.3 across all industries BLS JOLTS
One box per opening, filled for each hire; hires beyond the openings are added in a lighter shade. Higher can mean openings get filled, or that people leave often; lower, that jobs go unfilled, or hiring is slow.7.8 this industry7.3 all industries
Median pay by state BLS OEWS May 2025, state estimates
Tap a state for its figures.
Median pay in every state
| State | Median | Middle half earn | Jobs |
|---|---|---|---|
| Alabama | $35,500 | $29,700 to $41,950 | 890 |
| Alaska | $45,990 | $40,370 to $61,640 | 550 |
| Arizona | $38,940 | $31,140 to $62,460 | 2,730 |
| Arkansas | $30,830 | $29,380 to $51,650 | 720 |
| California | $45,100 | $39,450 to $50,350 | 45,370 |
| Colorado | $47,420 | $38,400 to $61,090 | 2,500 |
| Connecticut | $50,350 | $37,230 to $65,520 | 3,230 |
| Delaware | $33,240 | $31,200 to $35,110 | 590 |
| Florida | $37,310 | $30,000 to $51,890 | 12,220 |
| Georgia | $47,380 | $35,410 to $60,330 | 5,690 |
| Guam | $30,410 | $19,410 to $30,410 | 30 |
| Hawaii | $36,590 | $31,260 to $45,460 | 1,130 |
| Idaho | $34,990 | $30,290 to $49,920 | 760 |
| Illinois | $37,400 | $31,200 to $51,380 | 5,910 |
| Indiana | $38,090 | $29,860 to $50,910 | 1,770 |
| Iowa | $36,790 | $30,890 to $45,260 | 610 |
| Kansas | $34,170 | $23,630 to $43,880 | 1,290 |
| Kentucky | $34,240 | $30,210 to $40,020 | 780 |
| Louisiana | $33,780 | $28,150 to $43,130 | 540 |
| Maine | $49,880 | $34,670 to $63,050 | 340 |
| Maryland | $52,810 | $42,960 to $76,400 | 4,300 |
| Massachusetts | $60,900 | $43,490 to $80,790 | 4,610 |
| Michigan | $37,380 | $33,240 to $47,560 | 6,010 |
| Minnesota | $44,800 | $37,760 to $49,020 | 1,370 |
| Mississippi | $49,610 | $34,420 to $65,510 | 1,220 |
| Missouri | $32,270 | $28,600 to $44,220 | 1,670 |
| Montana | $41,380 | $32,100 to $46,380 | 450 |
| Nebraska | $38,470 | $30,370 to $53,920 | 950 |
| Nevada | $30,420 | $29,030 to $34,490 | 1,070 |
| New Hampshire | $53,790 | $44,740 to $64,710 | 700 |
| New Jersey | $42,270 | $36,070 to $57,360 | 5,270 |
| New Mexico | $36,660 | $33,830 to $57,700 | 460 |
| New York | $47,100 | $35,690 to $61,290 | 12,730 |
| North Carolina | $42,390 | $31,910 to $53,920 | 5,780 |
| North Dakota | $46,190 | $36,190 to $51,870 | 110 |
| Ohio | $43,610 | $35,090 to $59,390 | 5,760 |
| Oklahoma | $34,510 | $23,650 to $43,780 | 1,220 |
| Oregon | $48,280 | $38,290 to $62,790 | 1,130 |
| Pennsylvania | $36,270 | $28,360 to $57,200 | 4,540 |
| Puerto Rico | $41,890 | $30,940 to $51,990 | 250 |
| Rhode Island | $77,850 | $58,240 to $85,800 | 300 |
| South Carolina | $33,220 | $25,530 to $51,410 | 1,510 |
| South Dakota | $38,760 | $32,530 to $47,870 | 250 |
| Tennessee | $50,280 | $35,140 to $62,950 | 3,310 |
| Texas | $33,620 | $28,160 to $40,730 | 10,690 |
| Utah | $35,190 | $29,550 to $39,160 | 3,150 |
| Vermont | $53,920 | $38,520 to $74,460 | 130 |
| Virginia | $40,750 | $33,780 to $64,710 | 4,090 |
| Washington | $45,360 | $37,820 to $47,650 | 2,460 |
| West Virginia | $44,070 | $36,500 to $53,180 | 280 |
| Wisconsin | $41,340 | $32,720 to $60,200 | 1,530 |
| Wyoming | $82,290 | $46,050 to $103,420 | 200 |
Nationally: $43,350. Shades run from the lowest state median to the highest; a territory below that range takes the lightest. How to read this
How AI touches the work
What AI could speed up, task by task, and where people already use it.
AI could halve the time on 11 of its 19 tasks
| AI rating | Its main tasks | Share of Claude conversations May 2026 |
|---|---|---|
| Not much | Provide feedback to students, using positive reinforcement techniques to encourage, motivate, or build confidence in students. | 0.03% |
| AI alone | Review class material with students by discussing text, working solutions to problems, or reviewing worksheets or other assignments. | 0.01% |
| AI + software | Assess students' progress throughout tutoring sessions. | 0.03% |
| Not much | Teach students study skills, note-taking skills, and test-taking strategies. | 0.01% |
| Not much | Provide private instruction to individual or small groups of students to improve academic performance, improve occupational skills, or prepare for academic or occupational tests. | 0.19% |
| Not much | Participate in training and development sessions to improve tutoring practices or learn new tutoring techniques. | Not published |
See all 19 tasks
| AI + software | Schedule tutoring appointments with students or their parents. | Not published |
| Not much | Organize tutoring environment to promote productivity and learning. | under 0.01% |
| AI + software | Collaborate with students, parents, teachers, school administrators, or counselors to determine student needs, develop tutoring plans, or assess student progress. | Not published |
| AI alone | Prepare lesson plans or learning modules for tutoring sessions according to students' needs and goals. | under 0.01% |
| AI + software | Prepare and facilitate tutoring workshops, collaborative projects, or academic support sessions for small groups of students. | Not published |
| AI alone | Develop teaching or training materials, such as handouts, study materials, or quizzes. | 0.98% |
| Not much | Communicate students' progress to students, parents, or teachers in written progress reports, in person, by phone, or by email. | Not published |
| AI + software | Maintain records of students' assessment results, progress, feedback, or school performance, ensuring confidentiality of all records. | Not published |
| Not much | Identify, develop, or implement intervention strategies, tutoring plans, or individualized education plans (IEPs) for students. | Not published |
| AI + software | Monitor student performance or assist students in academic environments, such as classrooms, laboratories, or computing centers. | Not published |
| AI + software | Research or recommend textbooks, software, equipment, or other learning materials to complement tutoring. | 0.01% |
| Not much | Travel to students' homes, libraries, or schools to conduct tutoring sessions. | Not published |
| AI + software | Administer, proctor, or score academic or diagnostic assessments. | under 0.01% |
Ordered by how important O*NET's respondents rate each task (1 to 5) times the share who say it is part of their job. The ordering is ours. 10 of the 19 have a published share of Claude conversations; “not published” means too few conversations for Anthropic to publish a figure.
Where people already use AI
The tasks above say what AI could speed up. This shows what people are using it for. Its 19 tasks fall under 12 work activities that many occupations share, and Microsoft counted how often each one came up in 200,000 conversations with its Copilot assistant in 2024.
- #4 Maintain current knowledge in area of expertise
- #23 Prepare informational or instructional materials
- #25 Communicate with others about specifications or project details
- and 1 more, in the table below
| Work activity | This occupation's tasks under it | People asked AI for help in 10,000 conversations |
AI did it for them in 10,000 conversations |
|---|---|---|---|
| Teach academic or vocational subjects | |||
| Prepare informational or instructional materials | |||
| Assess student capabilities, needs, or performance | |||
| Advise others on educational or vocational matters | |||
| Maintain current knowledge in area of expertise | |||
| Communicate with others about specifications or project details | |||
| Provide support or encouragement to others | |||
| Monitor individual behavior or performance |
Show all 12 activities
| Schedule operational activities | |||
| Maintain operational records | |||
| Develop educational programs, plans, or procedures | |||
| Collaborate in the development of educational programs |
How people in this work use Claude
What people in this work made with Claude % of conversations
- Teaching material42%
- A document or report25%
- A presentation or slides6%
- An explanation or answer5%
- An app or website3%
How they worked with Claude
23% of these conversations were about work. Anthropic Economic Index, May 2026.
How to read this
Work activities come from O*NET, which links every task to the broader activities it involves. Microsoft's figures are for the activity across everyone who used Copilot, not for tutors specifically. Copilot is a general chat assistant; dedicated coding tools are not included, so programming help is under-counted here. Activities are listed by how many of this occupation's tasks fall under them.
The task ratings say whether AI could halve the time a task takes: on its own (“AI alone”), or with software built on it (“AI + software”). They were made by people in 2023 (Eloundou et al.). Claude's share is the task's share of all Claude.ai conversations in May 2026; Anthropic doesn't publish a task with too few conversations. None of these add up to the BLS exposure group, which combines five research measures.
More in the Guide: task ratings · task order · work activities · Copilot figures · Claude
High exposure doesn't mean fewer jobs
BLS projects most occupations in its two most exposed groups to grow: 141 of 206 rated Very high and 165 of 206 rated High. Each dot is one of the 831 occupations BLS rates.
Career moves into and out of this occupation
From moves between occupations found in online resumes, 2002–2016. Career changes only: a first job after school isn't a move.
Where people moved next
of 686,776 moves out
- 1 Postsecondary Teachers, All Other Very high +2.0% 5%
- 2 Middle School Teachers, Except Special and Career/Technical Education High -0.4% 4%
- 3 Managers, All Other (2010 group) an older group BLS has since split; no exposure group today 4%
- 4 Management Analysts Very high +10.1% 3%
- 5 Teacher Assistants (2010 group) an older group BLS has since split; no exposure group today 3%
Where people moved in from
of 778,640 moves in
- 1 Middle School Teachers, Except Special and Career/Technical Education High -0.4% 4%
- 2 Managers, All Other (2010 group) an older group BLS has since split; no exposure group today 3%
- 3 Secretaries and Administrative Assistants, Except Legal, Medical, and Executive Very high -6.0% 3%
- 4 Retail Salespersons Very high -0.3% 3%
- 5 Teacher Assistants (2010 group) an older group BLS has since split; no exposure group today 3%
The resume data uses 2010 occupation codes. This occupation comes from “Teachers and Instructors, All Other”, which today also includes “Substitute Teachers, Short-Term” and the occupation still called “Teachers and Instructors, All Other”, so these figures cover those too. Resumes over-represent younger, white-collar job-seekers and moves into management. Schubert, Stansbury and Taska (resume data).
Education and training for the occupation
O*NET survey of workers in this occupation
- 9% high school
- 36% some college
- 9% associate's
- 41% bachelor's
- 5% master's
O*NET 31.0 survey of workers in this occupation · 22 people answered.
Census survey (American Community Survey)
- 6% less than high school
- 12% high school
- 30% some college
- 6% associate's
- 29% bachelor's
- 15% master's
- 1% professional degree
- 1% doctorate
Census ACS 2024, all workers in this occupation · 2,713 people surveyed.
Why the two can differ
O*NET asks about 20 people in each occupation, which makes its shares uncertain, but it reports the exact occupation and counts certificates. The Census survey reaches thousands, but it groups some occupations together and counts degrees only. More in the Guide
Median pay by highest degree full-time, year-round · Census ACS 2024, all workers in this occupation
Jobs that require a credential BLS Occupational Requirements Survey 2023
BLS publishes no credential figures for this occupation.
Look up certifications, training and licenses U.S. Department of Labor
- Certification Finder ↗ certifications CareerOneStop lists for this occupation
- Training Finder ↗ schools and programs, nationwide; narrow the place there
- License Finder ↗ licenses by state
- Apprenticeship Finder ↗ DOL lists 1 registered apprenticeship in this occupation (Tutor). Apprenticeship.gov can't be linked to one occupation, so search for “Tutors” there.
These open in a new tab and send only the occupation's public code. More in the Guide
BLS AI exposure categories (Aug 2026) · BLS Employment Projections 2025–35 · O*NET 31.0 · Task ratings: Eloundou et al., Science (2024) · Microsoft "Working with AI" v1.1 · Anthropic Economic Index (2026-06-26) · Schubert, Stansbury and Taska · NCES CIP–SOC · Census ACS 2024 · BLS JOLTS · Brynjolfsson, Chandar and Chen, Stanford (Aug 2026)
See it online, and explore any career: https://www.pathmosaic.com/card/25-3041.00