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Engineers, All Other

All engineers not listed separately.

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Median pay BLS, 2025$122,930
Openings a year BLS, 2025–358,800
Typical education to start BLSBachelor's degree
AI exposure BLS, Aug 2026 Very high
Projected job growth BLS, 2025–35 +3.7%

What the data says: Jobs are projected to grow 3.7% by 2035. Its tasks haven't been rated for what AI could do. In the most exposed occupations, the squeeze shows up first among early-career workers. How to think about this →

About this projection

BLS builds AI into its projections where the research supports it: “BLS generally applies adjustments based on this research conservatively, where there is convincing evidence for a change.”

It also notes a limit: “BLS projection methods are not designed to capture extremely rapid technological change.”

On its AI exposure groups, BLS says exposure “does not imply job loss.”

BLS figures cover the broader occupation “Engineers, all other”, which includes this one and others.

Recent conditions

  • In 2024, 1.9% of people in this work were unemployed, against 3.8% across all occupations Census ACS 2024
  • From Sep 2025 to Aug 2026, 7.9 hires for every 10 job openings in professional and business services, which employs about 37% of people in this work, against 7.3 across all industries BLS JOLTS One box per opening, filled for each hire; hires beyond the openings are added in a lighter shade. Higher can mean openings get filled, or that people leave often; lower, that jobs go unfilled, or hiring is slow.

How to read these

Pay compared with all occupations BLS median wages Pays more than 91% of 825 occupations
lowest-paidhighest-paid

Median pay by state BLS OEWS May 2025, state estimates

$76k$162knot published

Median pay in every state
StateMedianMiddle half earnJobs
Alabama$152,550$116,040 to $183,0403,460
Alaska$142,390$123,120 to $164,260200
Arizona$102,280$76,960 to $137,7301,720
Arkansas$76,940$60,070 to $103,380820
California$130,850$98,520 to $169,83028,610
Colorado$132,590$105,050 to $164,8002,540
Connecticut$124,110$93,360 to $153,6702,430
Delaware$103,580$95,510 to $120,120not published
District of Columbia$151,920$101,990 to $185,2203,560
Florida$105,410$76,400 to $138,9208,600
Georgia$112,260$79,160 to $135,0404,120
Guam$100,010$77,750 to $129,96080
Hawaii$122,800$104,290 to $159,5701,100
Idaho$130,970$100,430 to $153,570560
Illinois$111,930$80,960 to $139,1702,520
Indiana$120,880$86,820 to $139,4101,540
Iowa$103,090$83,510 to $125,4401,100
Kansas$76,100$60,210 to $101,790780
Kentucky$99,830$82,300 to $124,790500
Louisiana$99,070$80,630 to $131,3306,310
Maine$120,430$99,620 to $135,260590
Maryland$129,770$83,840 to $172,5807,340
Massachusetts$131,260$103,010 to $162,4702,850
Michigan$121,000$95,760 to $135,4107,700
Minnesota$108,850$87,840 to $132,4101,290
Mississippi$111,030$75,890 to $141,130480
Missouri$102,980$73,730 to $136,2401,850
Montana$97,470$79,750 to $124,990240
Nebraska$88,490$48,340 to $119,600300
Nevada$103,780$77,390 to $133,370870
New Hampshire$128,130$97,960 to $157,300610
New Jersey$132,450$93,670 to $170,4604,540
New Mexico$162,070$119,430 to $180,1902,190
New York$117,600$94,400 to $154,3105,760
North Carolina$112,450$85,240 to $140,7904,270
North Dakota$100,250$67,850 to $127,920220
Ohio$120,470$88,100 to $155,5107,000
Oklahoma$119,810$95,040 to $138,400860
Oregon$123,220$96,210 to $157,0002,030
Pennsylvania$108,950$79,890 to $138,5803,250
Puerto Rico$81,370$48,970 to $123,880890
Rhode Island$117,080$84,200 to $166,300380
South Carolina$110,490$88,750 to $139,7601,280
South Dakota$112,260$99,300 to $129,960110
Tennessee$96,640$72,560 to $125,4204,400
Texas$115,810$93,380 to $153,94010,820
Utah$110,320$83,760 to $136,9901,750
Vermont$126,550$96,340 to $174,900390
Virginia$148,160$116,920 to $181,6605,060
Washington$134,570$109,550 to $168,5503,580
West Virginia$118,800$81,730 to $136,990660
Wisconsin$110,360$90,640 to $129,960690
Wyoming$113,050$88,610 to $136,660110

Nationally: $122,930. Shades run from the lowest state median to the highest; a territory below that range takes the lightest. How to read this

How AI touches the work

What AI could speed up, task by task, and where people already use it.

How to read this

Work activities come from O*NET, which links every task to the broader activities it involves. Microsoft's figures are for the activity across everyone who used Copilot, not for engineers, all other specifically. Copilot is a general chat assistant; dedicated coding tools are not included, so programming help is under-counted here. Activities are listed by how many of this occupation's tasks fall under them.

The task ratings say whether AI could halve the time a task takes: on its own (“AI alone”), or with software built on it (“AI + software”). They were made by people in 2023 (Eloundou et al.). Claude's share is the task's share of all Claude.ai conversations in May 2026; Anthropic doesn't publish a task with too few conversations. None of these add up to the BLS exposure group, which combines five research measures.

More in the Guide: task ratings · task order · work activities · Copilot figures · Claude

High exposure doesn't mean fewer jobs

BLS projects most occupations in its two most exposed groups to grow: 141 of 206 rated Very high and 165 of 206 rated High. Each dot is one of the 831 occupations BLS rates.

AI exposure and projected job growth, 831 occupationsLow exposure: 134 of 213 occupations projected to grow. Moderate exposure: 151 of 206 occupations projected to grow. High exposure: 165 of 206 occupations projected to grow. Very high exposure: 141 of 206 occupations projected to grow.-20%-15%-10%-5%0%+5%+10%+15%+20%+25%Low134 of 213 growingModerate151 of 206 growingHigh165 of 206 growingVery high141 of 206 growing11 occupations outside −20% to +25% are drawn at the edge. Click a dot to see that occupation.Engineers, all other: +3.7%Engineers, All OtherAI exposure and projected job growth, 831 occupationsLow exposure: 134 of 213 occupations projected to grow. Moderate exposure: 151 of 206 occupations projected to grow. High exposure: 165 of 206 occupations projected to grow. Very high exposure: 141 of 206 occupations projected to grow.-20%-15%-10%-5%0%+5%+10%+15%+20%+25%Low134 of 213Moderate151 of 206High165 of 206Very high141 of 20611 occupations outside −20% to +25% are drawn at the edge. Tap a dot.Engineers, all other: +3.7%Engineers, All Other

Career moves into and out of this occupation

From moves between occupations found in online resumes, 2002–2016. Career changes only: a first job after school isn't a move.

Where people moved next

of 225,302 moves out

  1. 1 Managers, All Other (2010 group) an older group BLS has since split; no exposure group today 8%
  2. 2 Computer Occupations, All Other (2010 group) an older group BLS has since split; no exposure group today 7%
  3. 3 Architectural and Engineering Managers High +5.5% 7%
  4. 4 Software Developers, Applications (2010 group) an older group BLS has since split; no exposure group today 5%
  5. 5 Mechanical Engineers Very high +11.2% 4%

Where people moved in from

of 261,562 moves in

  1. 1 Managers, All Other (2010 group) an older group BLS has since split; no exposure group today 7%
  2. 2 Computer Occupations, All Other (2010 group) an older group BLS has since split; no exposure group today 7%
  3. 3 Architectural and Engineering Managers High +5.5% 5%
  4. 4 Software Developers, Applications (2010 group) an older group BLS has since split; no exposure group today 5%
  5. 5 Mechanical Engineers Very high +11.2% 4%

Resumes over-represent younger, white-collar job-seekers and moves into management. Schubert, Stansbury and Taska (resume data).

Education and training for the occupation

Education people in it hold

Census survey (American Community Survey)

  • 1% less than high school
  • 4% high school
  • 7% some college
  • 5% associate's
  • 50% bachelor's
  • 26% master's
  • 1% professional degree
  • 7% doctorate

Census ACS 2024, all workers in this occupation · 7,381 people surveyed.

Median pay by highest degree full-time, year-round · Census ACS 2024, all workers in this occupation

Programs that prepare people for it (NCES)
32 programs, such as Engineering, General, Applied Engineering and Architectural Engineering.
See all
  • Engineering, General
  • Applied Engineering
  • Architectural Engineering
  • Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering
  • Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering
  • Water Resources Engineering
  • Laser and Optical Engineering
  • Telecommunications Engineering
  • Engineering Mechanics
  • Engineering Physics/Applied Physics
  • Engineering Science
  • Ocean Engineering
  • Systems Engineering
  • Construction Engineering
  • Forest Engineering
  • Manufacturing Engineering
  • Surveying Engineering
  • Geological/Geophysical Engineering
  • Paper Science and Engineering
  • Electromechanical Engineering
  • Mechatronics, Robotics, and Automation Engineering
  • Biochemical Engineering
  • Engineering Chemistry
  • Biological/Biosystems Engineering
  • Electrical and Computer Engineering
  • Energy Systems Engineering, General
  • Power Plant Engineering
  • Energy Systems Engineering, Other
  • Engineering, Other
  • Engineering Design
  • Nanotechnology
  • Assistive/Augmentative Technology and Rehabilitation Engineering

Jobs that require a credential BLS Occupational Requirements Survey 2023

6.9% this occupation

45.3% all occupations

By kindThis occupationAll occupations
a license1.6%19.1%
an educational certificate<0.5%2.8%
a certificationnot published

Share of jobs whose employer requires it. BLS doesn't say which credential. How to read this

Look up certifications, training and licenses U.S. Department of Labor

These open in a new tab and send only the occupation's public code. More in the Guide

See where your own career could go Start by uploading your resume Browse careers

BLS AI exposure categories (Aug 2026) · BLS Employment Projections 2025–35 · O*NET 31.0 · Task ratings: Eloundou et al., Science (2024) · Microsoft "Working with AI" v1.1 · Anthropic Economic Index (2026-06-26) · Schubert, Stansbury and Taska · NCES CIP–SOC · Census ACS 2024 · BLS JOLTS · Brynjolfsson, Chandar and Chen, Stanford (Aug 2026)

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