Therapists, All Other
All therapists not listed separately.
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What the data says: Jobs are projected to grow 12.6% by 2035. Its tasks haven't been rated for what AI could do. How to think about this →
About this projection
BLS builds AI into its projections where the research supports it: “BLS generally applies adjustments based on this research conservatively, where there is convincing evidence for a change.”
It also notes a limit: “BLS projection methods are not designed to capture extremely rapid technological change.”
On its AI exposure groups, BLS says exposure “does not imply job loss.”
BLS figures cover the broader occupation “Therapists, all other”, which includes this one and others.
Recent conditions
- In 2024, 1.5% of people in this work were unemployed, against 3.8% across all occupations Census ACS 2024
- From Sep 2025 to Aug 2026, 5.0 hires for every 10 job openings in health care and social assistance, which employs about 86% of people in this work, against 7.3 across all industries BLS JOLTS
One box per opening, filled for each hire; hires beyond the openings are added in a lighter shade. Higher can mean openings get filled, or that people leave often; lower, that jobs go unfilled, or hiring is slow.5.0 this industry7.3 all industries
Median pay by state BLS OEWS May 2025, state estimates
Tap a state for its figures.
Median pay in every state
| State | Median | Middle half earn | Jobs |
|---|---|---|---|
| Alabama | $68,270 | $55,840 to $78,900 | 30 |
| Arizona | $63,750 | $49,300 to $80,850 | 360 |
| Arkansas | $61,920 | $53,300 to $88,070 | 460 |
| California | $81,760 | $70,730 to $105,140 | 840 |
| Colorado | $65,080 | $56,160 to $93,300 | 160 |
| Connecticut | $47,300 | $40,080 to $77,480 | 510 |
| Delaware | $90,120 | $68,410 to $104,000 | 30 |
| District of Columbia | $127,010 | $81,020 to $130,000 | 80 |
| Florida | $64,600 | $55,710 to $84,360 | 440 |
| Georgia | $59,380 | $50,220 to $84,630 | 970 |
| Hawaii | $99,560 | $65,650 to $99,560 | 40 |
| Illinois | $116,200 | $65,750 to $193,760 | 1,060 |
| Indiana | $61,720 | $50,510 to $74,120 | 350 |
| Kansas | $76,740 | $59,900 to $103,270 | 170 |
| Kentucky | $75,060 | $64,080 to $112,070 | 190 |
| Louisiana | $64,530 | $56,690 to $96,170 | 690 |
| Maryland | $49,400 | $46,540 to $80,380 | 1,310 |
| Massachusetts | $69,050 | $57,540 to $83,210 | 170 |
| Michigan | $57,970 | $50,860 to $67,680 | 320 |
| Minnesota | $75,360 | $62,440 to $82,010 | 500 |
| Mississippi | $44,280 | $41,570 to $46,520 | 140 |
| Missouri | $60,990 | $48,990 to $67,980 | 340 |
| Nebraska | $86,900 | $65,570 to $128,310 | 40 |
| Nevada | $38,260 | $36,830 to $41,400 | not published |
| New Hampshire | $69,040 | $43,630 to $82,850 | 100 |
| New Jersey | $100,250 | $78,080 to $131,690 | 7,090 |
| New York | $77,980 | $65,190 to $95,790 | 1,110 |
| North Carolina | $60,400 | $52,040 to $67,870 | 530 |
| Ohio | $70,700 | $51,580 to $117,370 | 540 |
| Oklahoma | $60,090 | $51,850 to $103,260 | not published |
| Oregon | $81,860 | $72,940 to $101,150 | 170 |
| Pennsylvania | $62,310 | $51,420 to $73,220 | 710 |
| Rhode Island | $86,400 | $78,210 to $91,000 | 90 |
| South Carolina | $90,980 | $59,990 to $129,040 | 70 |
| Tennessee | $56,690 | $47,050 to $73,370 | 210 |
| Texas | $74,750 | $47,620 to $100,360 | 1,320 |
| Utah | $61,770 | $52,110 to $76,290 | 70 |
| Virginia | $70,890 | $51,740 to $103,320 | 420 |
| Washington | $98,550 | $89,690 to $98,550 | not published |
| West Virginia | $67,580 | $44,040 to $90,250 | not published |
| Wisconsin | $59,420 | $47,900 to $66,010 | 280 |
Nationally: $77,930. Shades run from the lowest state median to the highest; a territory below that range takes the lightest. How to read this
How AI touches the work
What AI could speed up, task by task, and where people already use it.
How to read this
Work activities come from O*NET, which links every task to the broader activities it involves. Microsoft's figures are for the activity across everyone who used Copilot, not for therapists, all other specifically. Copilot is a general chat assistant; dedicated coding tools are not included, so programming help is under-counted here. Activities are listed by how many of this occupation's tasks fall under them.
The task ratings say whether AI could halve the time a task takes: on its own (“AI alone”), or with software built on it (“AI + software”). They were made by people in 2023 (Eloundou et al.). Claude's share is the task's share of all Claude.ai conversations in May 2026; Anthropic doesn't publish a task with too few conversations. None of these add up to the BLS exposure group, which combines five research measures.
More in the Guide: task ratings · task order · work activities · Copilot figures · Claude
High exposure doesn't mean fewer jobs
BLS projects most occupations in its two most exposed groups to grow: 141 of 206 rated Very high and 165 of 206 rated High. Each dot is one of the 831 occupations BLS rates.
Career moves into and out of this occupation
From moves between occupations found in online resumes, 2002–2016. Career changes only: a first job after school isn't a move.
Where people moved next
of 747 moves out
- 1 General and Operations Managers High +5.0% 13%
- 2 Middle School Teachers, Except Special and Career/Technical Education High -0.4% 8%
- 3 Medical and Health Services Managers High +24.2% 5%
- 4 Teachers and Instructors, All Other (2010 group) an older group BLS has since split; no exposure group today 5%
- 5 Managers, All Other (2010 group) an older group BLS has since split; no exposure group today 4%
Where people moved in from
of 678 moves in
- 1 Mental Health Counselors 10%
- 2 Middle School Teachers, Except Special and Career/Technical Education High -0.4% 9%
- 3 General and Operations Managers High +5.0% 8%
- 4 Teachers and Instructors, All Other (2010 group) an older group BLS has since split; no exposure group today 5%
- 5 Interpreters and Translators Very high +2.0% 4%
Resumes over-represent younger, white-collar job-seekers and moves into management. Schubert, Stansbury and Taska (resume data).
Education and training for the occupation
Census survey (American Community Survey)
- 1% less than high school
- 3% high school
- 4% some college
- 5% associate's
- 22% bachelor's
- 58% master's
- 3% professional degree
- 4% doctorate
Census ACS 2024, all workers in this occupation · 2,700 people surveyed.
Median pay by highest degree full-time, year-round · Census ACS 2024, all workers in this occupation
10 programs, such as Rehabilitation and Therapeutic Professions, General, Art Therapy/Therapist and Dance Therapy/Therapist.
See all
- Rehabilitation and Therapeutic Professions, General
- Art Therapy/Therapist
- Dance Therapy/Therapist
- Music Therapy/Therapist
- Animal-Assisted Therapy
- Drama Therapy/Therapist
- Horticulture Therapy/Therapist
- Play Therapy/Therapist
- Rehabilitation and Therapeutic Professions, Other
- Movement Therapy and Movement Education
Jobs that require a credential BLS Occupational Requirements Survey 2023
BLS publishes no credential figures for this occupation.
Look up certifications, training and licenses U.S. Department of Labor
- Certification Finder ↗ certifications CareerOneStop lists for this occupation
- Training Finder ↗ schools and programs, nationwide; narrow the place there
- License Finder ↗ licenses by state
- Apprenticeships: DOL's list of apprenticeable occupations doesn't include this one.
These open in a new tab and send only the occupation's public code. More in the Guide
BLS AI exposure categories (Aug 2026) · BLS Employment Projections 2025–35 · O*NET 31.0 · Task ratings: Eloundou et al., Science (2024) · Microsoft "Working with AI" v1.1 · Anthropic Economic Index (2026-06-26) · Schubert, Stansbury and Taska · NCES CIP–SOC · Census ACS 2024 · BLS JOLTS
See it online, and explore any career: https://www.pathmosaic.com/card/29-1129.00